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''Rhizopus microsporus '' is a fungal plant pathogen infecting maize, sunflower, and rice. Used in the preparation of traditional soy fermentation such as tempeh and sufu (see ''Rhizopus oligosporus''). It can also cause a nosocomial infection and necrosis to the infected area, particularly prevalent in pre-term infants. This fungus contains the bacterial endosymbiont ''Burkholderia rhizoxinica'' that produces the antitumor drug rhizoxin.〔 == Hosts and Symptoms == Certain strains of ''Rhizopus microsporus'' use agricultural rice as a host, causing the disease Rice Seedling Blight. This infection is first observed by the fast swelling of seedling roots, but displays no further signs of infection. The main causal agent of Rice Seedling Blight is attributed to the endosymbiotic relationship with ''Burkholderia'' sp. The production of Rhizoxin by the bacteria inhibits the ability of rice plant cells to perform mitosis, dramatically weakening or outright killing young rice seedlings. The killing of the plant cells is beneficial to both the bacteria and the fungal host, as the two live as necrotrophic pathogens. ''R.microsporus'' is similarly one of three common ''Rhizopus'' species to cause the disease ''Rhizopus'' Head Rot in confectionary sunflower species. Alongside ''R. oryzae, R. microsporus'' causes the premier head rot of sunflower in South Africa. It is important to note that susceptibility to disease changes throughout the age of the host. The sunflower is resistant to the pathogen throughout the bud stage, and only becomes susceptible after the start of antithesis. The initial symptoms appear as small dispersed water soaked spots on the back of the sunflower head. As the spots expand, mycelial growth expands into parenchyma cells, further killing cells within the head. Later stages of disease have external masses of mycelium amidst clumps of black sporangia, disseminating spores abiotically, and by bird. The diseased heads can completely rot in 3 to 7 days. ''R. Microsporus'' has been found to the species involved in Rhizopus Ear Rot of maize as well. This is characterized by small spotted sporangia structures, mycelium growth on the ear, and eventual ear and grain rot. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rhizopus microsporus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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